My Revolutionary War Patriots, Colonel Joshua Burnham of Milford, New Hampshire

Colonel Burnham's Tavern, Milford, New Hampshire

This is #1 in a series of posts I intend to write this year for the 250th Anniversary of the USA. 

Colonel Joshua Burnham, my 5th great grandfather, was born on 26 January 1754 in Gloucester, Massachusetts, the son of Stephen Burnham (1715 - 1790) and Mary Andrews (b. 1712) of the Chebacco Parish of Ipswich, Massachusetts.  Many of his 12 siblings removed away from Massachusetts, just like he did.  Joshua died in Milford, New Hampshire on 7 June 1835, and his brother Stephen died in Lyndeborough, New Hampshire.  His brother Caleb died in Lake George, New York, and brothers David and Jonathan died in Vermont.  

Joshua was a founder of the town of Milford when it became a separate town from Amherst in 1794.   He had served in the Revolution as a private from New Hampshire enlisting in April 1775 after the Lexington Alarm under Captain Josiah Crosby for 8 months, and at the end of that term he re-enlisted under Captain Jones of the same regiment for one year.  He was at Bunker Hill, New York, Philadelphia, and was discharged at Aesopus (formerly Kingston), New York.  

Returning to Milford, he married Jemima Wyman on 21 January 1779 at Wilton, New Hampshire, a contiguous town.  She was the daughter of Increase Wyman and Catherine Unknown, born 10 February 1757 in Billerica, Massachusetts, and died on 6 September 1843 at the home of her daughter Jemima Burnham, who lived in South Boston (my 4th great grandmother).  In the Milford town records Joshua was on the committee to build a town pound in 1797, and was listed as a taxpayer in 1830. 

Joshua Burnham lived on the road to Lyndeborough, New Hampshire, now known as River Road, in a fine house that is still standing about two miles from the center of Milford. It was known as Colonel Burham's Tavern.  He sold this farm in 1822 to Jesse Hutchinson, the leader of the famous Hutchinson Family Singers, and they lived there for many years. Jesse and Polly raised 13 of their 16 children there, of whom half were part of the singing group.  The Hutchinson family entertained many important historical figures there, including Fredrick Douglass, General Tom Thumb, and P.T. Barnum.  The house remained in the Hutchinson family until 1949. 

In the biography of the Hutchinson family on pages 8 to 10, see below, is this passage:

"Right in the vicinity of these premises was Colonel Burnham, living in the little red house on the hill, which had been selected by his children as a home for his declining years, and situated where he could overlook the surrounding landscape, including a good view of the farm that was once the home of his family and which he had lost by unpaid debts. He was a frequent visitor to the place; and when the fruits were ripe, he would have free access offered by my father and the privilege of obtaining what fruit he desired. There was one very favorite apple, the flavor of which was delicious; and when the apples were ripe, this honorable old gentleman would be seen going and coming with his pockets full, and they were pockets! They were like bags, and he could carry almost half a peck in each one. He would come over, fill his pockets, and then trudge along towards home. He was occasionally visited by officers of the armies of the Revolution; and it was said that one of the staff of Washington was among them. My parents honored him by naming Joshua after him. He would frequently show his regard for his namesake by some token, and before passing into his dotage he called him to his house and presented him with a sash worn by him on parade while he was under George Washington's command. This article was carefully preserved, and is still, after the decease of both giver and receiver, an heirloom in the family.

In those early days among the pioneers, education was sometimes neglected. The colonel, though passing through seven years of renown as a discreet officer, could not write his own name, and while in business kept his accounts by characters. For instance, having sold cheese to a person, he would make a mark of that portion of cheese that that man received. His funeral was the first that I had ever witnessed, and the impression was depressingly suggestive." 

Joshua Burnham came upon hard times and lived in poverty in his older years. He applied for a military pension in 1818.  The application papers for his pension outlined his service, his life, family members and friends from the war.  They also described his poor health and need for a military pension.  He died on 7 June 1835 in Milford at age 93, and was buried in the small burial ground about a quarter mile from his tavern house, and buried in a plot near his friend Jesse Hutchinson.  His epitaph read "Soldier of the Revolution, zealous in his country's cause, Faithful to the constitution and obedient to it's laws".  His wife Jemima applied for, and received, a Revolutionary War Widow's pension in 1838, and she died in 1843. 

Col. J. Burnham's gravestone

For the truly curious:

Tombstone Tuesday - Joshua Burnham's gravestone:  https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2013/10/tombstone-tuesday-col-joshua-burnham.html  

2010 blog post "The Illiterate Colonel" (I have since discovered he was quite literate and signed many documents)   https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2010/01/illiterate-colonel.html    

2017 blog post "Joshua Burnham Proves His Military Service"   https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2017/06/joshua-burnham-proves-his-military.html  

2017 blog post "Jemima (Wyman) Burnham applies for a Revolutionary War Widow's Pension"   https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2017/06/jemima-wyman-burnham-applies-for.html   

2014 blog post showing my BURNHAM lineage:    https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2014/05/surname-saturday-burnham-of-chebacco.html  

and in books:

A manuscript Old Houses of Milford, compiled in a notebook for Wadleigh Memorial Library, Milford, New Hampshire

The Story of the Hutchinsons by John Wallace Hutchinson, 1896 (see pages 8 -10 for the information on Colonel Joshua Burnham and his house he sold to Jesse Hutchinson of the Hutchinson family singers). 

The History of Milford, by George A. Ramsdell, Rumford Press, Concord, New Hampshire, 1901, see page 783.  

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To cite/link to this blog post:  Heather Wilkinson Rojo, "My Revolutionary War Patriots, Colonel Joshua Burnham of Milford, New Hampshire", Nutfield Genealogy, posted February 15, 2026, ( https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2026/02/my-revolutionary-war-patriots-colonel.html: accessed [access date]). 

The Obituary of Jemima (Burnham) Emerson, 1868 - The Christian Wife of an Infidel

The Col. Joshua Burnham Tavern, photo 2001
where Jemima Burnham grew up, Milford, New Hampshire

My 4th great grandmother was born as Jemima Burnham.  Her name is listed as Jemima Wyman Burnham on an SAR application dated 20 August 1957 for Emerson Francis Thayer McLean, a distant cousin.  I've never seen her listed with a middle name on any other vital record or documentation.  Her mother's name was Jemima Wyman, so it could be possible.  Jemima was born 9 May 1783 in Milford, New Hampshire.  It is often difficult to learn about the lives of our women ancestors, but bits and pieces of Jemima's life have become revealed to me over 40 years of searching for clues.

Her father was Colonel Joshua Burnham.  He was a local character, a veteran of the Revolutionary War, a local hero who was present at the Battle of Bunker Hill and served in New York, Philadelphia and Canada.  The history of Milford states that he was an eyewitness when George Washington took command of the Continental Army.  He built a large farm and tavern near the banks of the Souhegan River, which is still standing on River Road.  He later sold his tavern and property to Jesse and Polly Hutchinson, who raised their thirteen children there in Milford.  These children were famous as the Hutchinson Family singers who sang songs of temperance, abolition, women's suffrage, and other progressive movements all over the USA and even in Europe.  

Although Col. Burnham sold his farm to the Hutchinson family, he remained in Milford, and remained a good friend to Jesse Hutchinson.  He must have agreed with all the progressive beliefs, and discussed them with the Hutchinson's various friends who included P. T. Barnum, William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass.  These famous singers gave their very first concert at the Baptist church in Milford.  The Hutchinson Singers toured England with Douglass in 1845, and some moved to Lynn, Massachusetts to live next door to him.  

Local history and various Hutchinson journals and books remember Col. Burnham as an old veteran who would wander the property, often stuffing his pockets with apples from the orchard.  The Burnham family and the Hutchinson family lie side by side in a small burial ground, the North Yard Cemetery,  within site of the Col. Burnham tavern on River Road.  Joshua Hutchinson wrote the epitaph for Joshua Burnham "Soldier of the revolution zealous in his country's cause, Faithful to the constitution and obedient to its laws"

These stories are what I know of Jemima's life in Milford.  Of course, she had married by 1810 to Romanus Emerson and removed to South Boston where her children were born.  Her family had been members of the Baptist Church in Milford, listed on the records.  The same Baptist church that held the first concerts for the Hutchinson family who sang about abolition before the Civil War.  Although the Baptist church is considered conservative today, they supported very progressive ideas in the early nineteenth century. 

I was not surprised that she married Romanus Emerson.  He came from a family of ministers.  They were Congregationalists going back to Puritan times.  The Emerson family included early ministers such as Rev. Joseph Emerson, born in England about 1620, who married Elizabeth Bulkely, the daughter of Rev. Edward Bulkely (1614 - 1696) the first minister of Concord, Massachusetts.  Even Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803 - 1882), son of a Concord minister, also studied for the ministry at Harvard.  Romanus Emerson had three brothers who became ministers, and he himself studied for the ministry but gave up due to a speech impediment.  

It was during his time studying theology that Romanus Emerson had a change of heart.  He became an atheist.  He said that "Freethinking" without the constraints of religion and other social mores opened his mind to progressive thoughts and more independent beliefs.  He joined the Free Soil movement, the abolitionists, and the Infidel Society.  He called himself an "Infidel" for the rest of his life, and wrote his own eulogy describing his "Infidel" beliefs. 

I have no idea what Jemima thought of all this during her married life with Romanus, the atheist.  I believe that she agreed with his progressive thoughts and politics.  But to be an atheist, or an "Infidel", at this time was considered quite shocking.  As a Baptist all her life, this was probably somewhat of a problem at home. Or was it? Women were considered to be obedient and quiet in those days. But we know that was not always the case.  

Romanus died in 1852.  He was a famous Bostonian, with his obituaries carried in newspapers across the country.  His last wish was to not have a Christian funeral, but to be buried in South Boston "At the point" and for his best friend, Horace Seaver, to read his self written eulogy.  However, his family (Jemima?) did not follow his final wishes, and gave him a funeral officiated by the Rev. Capen of the Hawes Place Church (next door to their house) and he was laid to rest in the Hawes Burying Ground.  Was it out of spite that she ignored her husband's final wishes? or did Jemima truly love her husband and worry about his immortal soul? 

As a widow, Jemima Emerson was enumerated in the 1855 Massachusetts State Census and the1860 Federal Census living in the Boston home of Melzar Stetson, her son-in-law, husband to her daughter Emily.  Her death certificate lists her place of death as 88 Emerson Street, her home address on the street in South Boston named after her Infidel husband, Romanus. 

Jemima died in 1868. Unlike her famous husband, I found only one mention of Jemima's death (other than short death notices in Boston newspapers) in The Christian Watchman (a Boston Baptist journal), dated Thursday, 27 August 1868, on page 7. See the obituary transcribed below.  She was laid to rest at the Mount Hope Cemetery in the Mattapan section of Boston, and Romanus was reinterred from the Hawes Burial Ground to lie next to her.  I like to think that perhaps it was out of love that she had him moved to be next to her for eternity.

"Obituary

Mrs. Jemima Emerson

In South Boston, August 5, Mrs. Jemima Emerson, at the advanced age of 86 years, widow of the late Romanus Emerson.  When 18 years of age she was converted, and baptized in Milford, N. H.  Afterwards united with the Dudley Street Church, Roxbury, and then with the South Baptist Church, and finally became a constituent member of the Fourth Street Baptist Church.  Her early Christian experience began with deep conviction of sin, from which, after long struggles, she was delivered by the power of Christ.  This, together with the opposition she encountered in following the Lord in baptism, determined, in great measure, the marked features of her subsequent life.  She loved the doctrines of grace, and clung with ever increasing tenacity to the great pillars of eternal truth.  She loved the assembly of God's people, and even until within a few weeks of her death her voice was frequently heard in the prayer meeting, as she bore cheerful testimony to the faithfulness of God.  Her children have lost a faithful, godly mother, whose prayers for their spiritual welfare ended only with her life.  The church she honored has lost a firm friend.  The community, which for forty years has been growing around her, has lost a beacon of light.  She now enjoys the rest which for many years she has anticipated, and she "being dead yet speaketh."  "Those that be planted in the house of the Lord shall flourish in the courts of our God.  They shall still bring forth fruit in old age." " 

For the truly curious:

"Romanus Emerson's Boston Obituaries 1852", published February 9, 2021: https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2021/02/romanus-emersons-boston-obituaries-1852.html   

"Romanus Emerson's Obituaries 1852" (published across the United States), posted on this blog on October 1st, 2020:  https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2020/10/romanus-emersons-obituaries-1852.html    

My Surname Saturday post on the EMERSON family:   https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2015/01/surname-saturday-emerson-of-ipswich.html    

My Surname Saturday post on the BURNHAM family:     https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2014/05/surname-saturday-burnham-of-chebacco.html  

"Tombstone Tuesday ~ Col. Joshua Burnham, Milford, New Hampshire":     https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2013/10/tombstone-tuesday-col-joshua-burnham.html  

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To Cite/Link to this post:  Heather Wilkinson Rojo, "The Obituary of Jemima (Burnham) Emerson, 1868 - The Christian Wife of an Infidel", Nutfield Genealogy, posted February 23, 2021, ( https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2021/02/the-obituary-of-jemima-burnham-emerson.html: accessed [access date]).  

Tombstone Tuesday ~ Col. Joshua Burnham, Milford, New Hampshire

This tombstone was photographed at the North Yard Cemetery on River Road in Milford, New Hampshire

These tombstones are right in the middle of the cemetery,

and my 5th great grandfather's stone, Joshua Burnham, is right behind a granite post!

ERECTED

In memory of

Sally Burnham

Dautr of Capt. Joshua &

Mrs. Jemima Burnham

Who died Decr 27th

1789 in the 11th Year of her

age

Retire my friends, Dry up your tears

Here I must lie 'Til Christ appears

SAR flag holder

COL. JOSHUA BURNHAM

Died

Jan. 7, 1835

AEt. 83

Soldier of the Revolution, 

zealous in his country's cause

Faithful to the constitution 

and obedient to it's laws

How did I read this epitaph with the poor lighting, and the granite post unmoveable?  I cheated, and found it on FindAGrave.com, quoted from the History of Milford, by George Allen Ramsdell, 1901.   I often wonder if the stone was easier to read in 1901, before acid rain, or perhaps the post wasn't there 100 years ago?

Colonel Joshua Burnham is my 5th great grandfather.  He served in the American Revolution, at Bunker Hill, New York, Philadelphia, Canada, and as a Colonel he was an eyewitness when George Washington took command of the Continental Army.  He was granted a pension in 1819.  Col. Burnham is most famous for his house, just about one mile from the cemetery.  It was quite fancy and large, and he ran a tavern there.  In 1824 he sold the house and land to Jesse Hutchinson, the father of the famous 19th century singing group "The Hutchinson Family" sometimes known as "The Tribe of Jesse".   Joshua Hutchinson, one of the sixteen Hutchinson children, composed the epitaph for Joshua Burnham's gravestone.

The Hutchinson family is buried nearby in the same cemetery.  The oldest generations are buried right next to Colonel Burnham, and the subsequent generations' graves are scattered on the other side of the dirt lane down the middle of the cemetery.

Some other blog posts I have written about Joshua Burnham:
The Illiterate Colonel   http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2010/01/illiterate-colonel.html
The Hutchinson Family Singers of Milford, New Hampshire  http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2010/01/hutchinson-family-singers-of-milford.html

A family sketch:

Gen. 1:  Thomas Burnham and Mary Lawrence
Gen. 2:  John Burnham and Elizabeth Wells
Gen. 3:  Thomas Burnham and Susannah Boardman
Gen. 4:  Stephen Burnham and Mary Andrews

Gen. 5:  Colonel Joshua Burnham, born 26 January 1754 in Gloucester, Massachusetts, died 7 June 1835 in Milford, New Hampshire; married on 21 January 1779 to Jemima Wyman, daughter of Increase Wyman and Catherine Unknown.  They had eleven children born in Milford:
1. Sally Burnham, born 1779, died 27 Dec. 1789 in Milford
2. Joshua Burnham, died young
3. Jemima Burnham, born 9 May 1783 married Romanus Emerson (my 4th great grandparents)
4. Thomas Burnham, born 9 May 1783, twin, married Rachel Conant
5. Mary Burnham, born 1785, married Jacob Flynn
6. Azel Burnham, born 15 May 1787, married Lydia H. Peabody
7. Asa Burnham, married Elizabeth Giddings, he died at sea in 1828
8. Lydia Burnham
9. Sarah Burnham, married William Leavitt
10. Ann Burnham, born 7 August 1795, married Nathaniel Chittenden
11. Sabrina Burnham, died 1845, unmarried?

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The URL for this post is
http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2013/10/tombstone-tuesday-col-joshua-burnham.html

Copyright 2013, Heather Wilkinson Rojo

Hutchinson Family Singers Civil War Song Lyrics

Sheet music for "Get Off the Track!", 1844

Over the past few years I've written several blog posts about the Hutchinson Family Singers.  Their father, Jesse Hutchinson (1778 – 1851) was a 3^rd cousin many generations removed.  He bought his home in Milford, New Hampshire from my 5th great grandfather, Colonel Joshua Burnham, and they were lifelong friends.  His eldest son, Jesse, Jr. (1813 – 1853), saw several performances in Boston of European singers using four part harmony.  He taught his brothers to sing in four part harmony to mimic what he saw on stage, and put together a traveling show.  Their twelve year old sister, Abby (1829- 1892), joined the brothers and they became a national sensation. They introduced four part harmony to American audiences, and it has become a very American musical tradition.

As the first celebrity musical act in American history, the Hutchinson Family Singers used their fame to advance progressive causes.  They sang about women’s suffrage, abolitionism, temperance, Native American causes, and worker’s rights.  They are most famous for their Civil War Era songs.  Their most famous song was probably “Tenting Tonight on the Old Campground”.  Their most controversial performance was on 17 January 1862 at the Fairfax Courthouse in Virginia, when some of the troops protested the anti-slavery lyrics of a musical version of John Greenleaf Whittier’s poem “We Wait Beneath the Furnace Blast” sung to the Lutheran hymn tune “Ein Feste Burg Ist Unser Gott” (“A Mighty Fortress is Our God”, from Psalm 46).

I have heard the Hutchinson Family Songs performed on stage and in recordings.  Unfortunately, there is no recording of their actual voices since they lived before this was possible.  I only recently found the lyrics of their songs.  I’m posting the lyrics here for the Third American Civil War Blog Challenge hosted by Bill West.

Get Off The Track!

by Jesse Hutchinson, Jr.

Ho! the car, Emancipation,

Rides majestic thro' our nation

Bearing on its train, the story

Liberty! a nation's glory. 

Roll it along! Roll it along!

Roll it along! thro' the nation

Freedom's car, Emancipation

Roll it along! Roll it along!

Roll it along! thro' the nation

Freedom's car, Emancipation. 

Men of various predilections,

Frightened, run in all directions;

Merchants, editors, physicians,

Lawyers, priests and politicians. 

Get out of the way! Get out of the way!

Get out of the way! every station,

Clear the track of 'mancipation. 

Get out of the way! Get out of the way!

Get out of the way! every station,

Clear the track of 'mancipation. 

All true friends of emancipation,

Haste to freedom's rail road station;

Quick into the cars get seated,

All is ready, and completed. 

Put on the steam! Put on the steam!

Put on the steam! All are crying,

And the liberty flags are flying. 

Put on the steam! Put on the steam!

Put on the steam! All are crying,

And the liberty flags are flying. 

Hear the mighty car wheels humming!

Now look out! the engine's coming!

Church and statesmen! hear the thunder!

Clear the track! or you'll fall under. 

Get off the track! Get off the track!

Get off the track! all are singing,

While the liberty bell is ringing. 

Get off the track! Get off the track!

Get off the track! all are singing,

While the liberty bell is ringing. 

See the people run to meet us;

At the depots thousands greet us;

All take seats with exultation,

In the car, Emancipation. 

Huzza! Huzza! Huzza! Huzza!

Huzza! Huzza! Emancipation

Soon will bless our happy nation.

Huzza! Huzza! Huzza! Huzza!

Huzza! Huzza! Emancipation

Soon will bless our happy nation.

Huzza!

“Get off the Track” was sung to the tune of “Dan Tucker”.  The 1844 lyrics were written by Jesse Hutchinson, Jr. and published Boston: Henry Prentiss, April 1844.  The cover shows a train labeled with the names of three well known abolitionist newspapers “Herald of Freedom”, “American Standard” and “Liberator”.   In the background two trains have crashed, labeled “Clay” and “Van Buren”, two Democratic (pro-slavery) candidates.  You can find this song also in the book The Anti-Slavery Harp; A Collection of Songs for Anti-Slavery Meetings. Compiled by William W. Brown, A Fugitive Slave (Boston: Bela Marsh, 1848)

You can see and hear the song at this YouTube video presentation

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CfKsjeTvKLs

In 2011 I visited the Smithsonian Museum of American History and was surprised to see the sheet music for the Hutchinson Family song "Get Off the Track!" on display.  We were excited to find a bit of family history in our nation's most famous history museum! 

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The Slave’s Appeal

by Jesse Hutchinson, Jr. 

Over the mountain, and over the moor,

Comes the sad wailing of many a poor slave;

The father, the mother, and children are poor,

And they grieve for the day their freedom to have.

Pity, kind gentlemen, friends of humanity,

Cold is the world to the cries of God's poor,

Give us our freedom, ye friends of equality,

Give us our rights, for we ask nothing more.

Call us not indolent, vile and degraded,

White men have robbed us of all we hold dear;

Parents and children, the young and the aged,

Are scourged by the lash of the rough overseer.

Pity, kind gentlemen, friends of humanity,

Cold is the world to the cries of God's poor,

Give us our freedom, ye friends of equality,

Give us our rights, for we ask nothing more.

And God in his mercy shall crown your endeavors,

The glory of heaven shall be your reward;

The promise of Jesus to you shall be given,

"Enter, ye faithful, the joy of the Lord."

Pity, kind gentlemen, friends of humanity,

Cold is the world to the cries of God's poor,

Give us our freedom, ye friends of equality,

Give us our rights, for we ask nothing more.

The song “The Slave’s Appeal” was adapted by Jesse Hutchinson, Jr. from H. Piercy’s “The Beggar Girl” circa 1798.  The original music score can be found at the website of the Levy Collection of Sheet Music at Johns Hopkins University http://levysheetmusic.mse.jhu.edu/

Both of the songs “The Slave’s Appeal” and “Get off the Track” were often greeted with mob violence.  The Hutchinson Family friend, Francis Bicknell Carpenter (1830 – 1900) said that Abby “would look directly into the eyes of the mob leaders, invariable with the effect of subduing the unruly spirits”  [ Frank Carpenter, New York Home Journal, December 7, 1892]   Frank Carpenter also did a portrait of Abby Hutchinson which hangs in the collections of the Lynn, Massachusetts Historical Society. 

See the webpage for Abby Hutchinson Patton (1829-1892) at this link: http://www.oocities.org/unclesamsfarm/abby.htm    

or see Alan Lewis’s entire website on the Hutchinson family at http://www.oocities.org/unclesamsfarm/abby.htm (formerly a Geocities website, now archived at Oocities.org)

I've written many blog posts about the Hutchinson Family Singers.  You can find this tag listed in the right hand column and click on it to read all these posts.  These three blog posts about the Hutchinson Family Singers give the most genealogical information:

The Hutchinson Family Singers

http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2010/01/hutchinson-family-singers-of-milford.html

The Illiterate Colonel (my 5x great grandfather Joshua Burnham, who sold his house to the Hutchinson Family Singers) http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2010/01/illiterate-colonel.html

Hutchinson Family - The Saga Continues!

http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2010/01/hutchinson-family-saga-continues.html

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Copyright 2013, Heather Wilkinson Rojo

Black History Month- Part 3

-
The American Anti-Slavery Society

1893 Reunion of the
Danvers, Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society

This is the third part of my series on how Black American History influenced my family history, the first part was about slaves, the second part was on the abolitionists in my family history and their relationships with black people (mostly unknown people), and this time the American Anti-Slavery Society.

A majority of my ancestors lived in or near Salem, Massachusetts at the time of the Underground Railroad. There were three major secret routes through Salem, heading north to New Hampshire. The first went through Danvers, to Andover and South Lawrence; the next from Danvers to Georgetown to Haverhill; and the last through Beverly, Ipswich to Newburyport (and water routes to Nova Scotia). This was a secret route, so many places are still unknown, but 33 stops have been identified in Essex County.

On April 26, 1893 there was a reunion of the abolitionists of Danvers, Massachusetts. It was a celebration of the men of the town, Isaac Winslow, Joseph Southwick and others, who had helped to form the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833 in Philadelphia. By 1837 the women of Danvers had formed “The Female Anti-Slavery Society", made up of sixty members from just the town of Danvers, some of whom had survived until the reunion in 1893. Famous abolitionists, as well as regular townspeople united for the celebration at the old town hall. At the meeting Dr. Andrew Nichols remembered how as a young man he was stoned in the streets for subscribing members to the anti-slavery newspapers. I was surprised to find the name of Isaac Munroe on the list of original subscribers to the “Liberator” newspaper- he was the brother to my ancestor Luther Simonds Munroe. A letter was read to the guests from Frederick Douglass, who was still alive, but elderly, retired and living near Washington DC.

A large number of the Danvers members of the Anti-Slavery Society were part of the Underground Railroad. Their homes in Essex County were “stations” on the path north to New Hampshire and Canada. As I perused the photographs of some of the homes on the National Park Website, I recognized most of them that are still standing today. One, on 7 Central Street in Manchester-by-the-Sea, is located right across the street from my Aunt Shirley’s house! Another home was the subject of a term paper on the Underground Railroad that my father wrote as an undergraduate at Boston University in the 1950s.

Sons of these Massachusetts Abolitionists were recruited as officers for the Massachusetts 54th Regiment in the Civil War. This is the regiment made famous by the Hollywood movie “Glory.” I am a distant cousin to Colonel Robert Gould Shaw through the Perkins family, but more interesting to me was my family relationship to his fellow officer, Captain Lieutenant Luis Fenollosa Emilio, son of Spanish immigrants. My own great grandfather was Professor Caleb Rand Bill, a Salem Music professor, and Luis F. Emilio’s father was Manuel Emilo, a Salem music teacher from Spain. This story charmed my husband, who is also the son of Spaniards. Luis F. Emilio gave his age as 18, when he was really only 16, to enlist in the 23rd Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. He was promoted to be one of the original officers of the famous 54th all black regiment (except for the officers!). He died in New York in 1918, but he is buried in Harmony Grove Cemetery, Salem, his place of birth. I am a distant cousin to Captain Emilio through the Kinsman family. Luis F. Emilio wrote the book “A Brave Black Regiment: The History of the 54th Massachusetts Regiment”, Boston, 1894.

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By contrast, as I write this story from Londonderry, New Hampshire, I was surprised to learn that although the runaways from slavery were passing through New Hampshire, they were not very welcome in this state. Of course, rural New Hampshire was much more conservative than liberal Massachusetts, even though we are only about 45 miles from Danvers. The Anti-Slavery Societies were not well supported in New Hampshire before the Civil War.

The Reverend Parker Pillsbury in his “Anti Slavery Apostles” wrote about a visit made to West Chester, New Hampshire (now Auburn, bordering Londonderry) by the Anti Slavery orators Mr. Stephen S. Foster and the famous Lucy Stone. Lucy Stone is well known for making bloomers popular, and for keeping her maiden name after marriage (women known by their maiden names in the 19th century were known as “Lucy Stoners”). Mr. Foster said of West Chester that “No town ever more sternly or successfully resisted the anti-slavery, or other unpopular reforms.” They were locked out of the meeting house, and a mob covered their carriage with cow dung. They fled to Derry, where they were again locked out of a meeting house and another mob threatened them to leave on foot, through the snow. Lucy Stone said to Mr. Foster that her “bloomer dress and calf skin boots, like mine, would carry her safely…”

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An Event:
Sunday, February 21, 2010 at 2 PM at the Salem National Park Visitor Center. Free Admission - "To Claim Justice: Charles Lenox and Sarah Parker Remond in their own words," (Two African American Abolitionist lecturers of the 19th Century.)

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For More Information:

“Anti-Slavery Apostles” by Rev. Parker Pillsbury, Concord, NH, 1883

“A Brave Black Regiment: The History of the 54th Massachusetts” by Captain Luis Fenollosa Emilio, Boston, 1891.

“Old Anti-Slavery Days” by The Danvers Historical Society and Alfred Porter Putnam, pages vii- xi.
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For Part One of this Series Click Here
For Part Two Click Here
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Copyright 2010, Heather Wilkinson Rojo

Hutchinson Family- The Saga Continues

Oh, the power of the blog strikes again!

A friend saw my blogs about the Hutchinson family, and sent me to the Revels website http://www.revels.org/to see the scheduled performance of Hutchinson family songs and history!

The Revels is a community organization that brings historic music to life. They have an annual Christmas Revels show that celebrates folk music, and performances throughout the year. There are Pub Sings in the Boston area, which evolved out of cast members wanting to share folk music, colonial drinking songs, sea chanteys, etc. But most exciting is that they will perform the music of the Hutchinson family on March 7, 2010 in Watertown, Massachusetts!

See the link http://www.revels.org/revels-repertory-co/arsenal-performance/ for more about this performance titled “There’s a Meeting Here Tonight!” after one of the Hutchinson family’s most famous songs. I blogged about the history of this 19th century singing family on January 8th and January 11th. They were most famous for singing about abolition, suffrage, emancipation and the Civil War.

The Hutchinson family of Milford, New Hampshire lived so long ago there are no recordings of their voices. We can only appreciate their contributions to civil rights and history through memoirs, biographies and groups like the Revels, who continue to bring their music to today’s audiences. Thanks Dan and Molly for notifying me!
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The Illiterate Colonel

Joshua Burnham of Milford, New Hampshire

Last week I blogged about Colonel Joshua Burnham, and the fine mansion house he built in Milford, New Hampshire. His house was later sold to the Hutchinson family. Because of their fame as singers, I’ve been able to find many documents about my ancestor the Colonel. You would think that as a Revolutionary War officer, and as someone wealthy enough to build a large estate, he would have left documents for me, the future genealogist, to uncover. But that is not the case with Joshua Burnham.

In my family tree I can count eleven Joshua Burnhams. The Burnham family goes back in time to the Thomas Burnham who arrived on the “Planter” and he settled in Ipswich. Colonel Joshua Burnham was born in Gloucester, Massachusetts in 1754, and he married Jemima Wyman in 1779. He removed to Milford, New Hampshire as a young man, before the start of the American Revolutionary War.

Colonel Burnham first served as a private in the New Hampshire Militia at Milford, under Captain Josiah Crosby and Colonel James Read. He enlisted in April 1775 (probably at the time of the Lexington alarm) was at the Battle of Bunker Hill. He also served in New York, Philadelphia and Canada, and was discharged after four years, lame in one of his ankles. In 1819 he was issued a veteran’s pension. He signed his name, but other people wrote out his application for him. These records were available through the National Archives, and are not unusual. But there was more about Joshua Burnham that I found later.

I went over to Milford to look in the town library’s genealogy room, to see if there was more information about the Burnham family. Milford isn’t far from Londonderry, and I was able to chat up the librarians and town clerk at the town hall. Everyone told me that the Burnham house was still standing, and the family graveyard was nearby. This was good news! And the library had tons of Hutchinson family information, which turned out to be helpful in my Burnham search.

The land where he built his house was originally his father’s land in 1772. The Colonel Burnham house was originally built as a hotel, on the road to Lyndeborough. His plans for the house may have been influenced by some of the mansion houses he saw down South during the War. The ceilings were 13 feet high and there is a front to back hallway with doors at both the front and back of the house, which is not a traditional New England design. He didn’t have enough money to go into the hotel business, so he sold it to Jesse Hutchinson who finished it as a family home for his large family (sixteen children!) It is still standing on North River Road, privately owned, and is known locally as Colonel Burnham’s Tavern.

Colonel Burnham moved into “a little red house on the hill” for his retirement years. He was a frequent visitor to the Hutchinson homestead, and was offered free access to the apple orchards. According to John Wallace Hutchinson in his book “The Story of the Hutchinsons”: “…this honorable old gentleman would be seen going and coming with his pockets full, and they were pockets! They were like bags, and he could carry almost half a peck in each one. He would come over, fill his pockets, and then trudge along towards home.” The Hutchinson family named one of their sons Joshua in his honor.

The Hutchinson family eventually became quite famous and removed to Lynn, Massachusetts. The old homestead in New Hampshire became a summer retreat. The Hutchinsons were celebrities, and friends of P. T. Barnum, he was invited to the house and General Tom Thumb drove his small coach and ponies “through the front door, which is nearly four feet wide, and then down the wide (twelve foot) hallway in which there is a steamboat staircase.” (from the Milford Town History) This sounds like a typical P. T. Barnum publicity stunt! The Hutchinson family sold the house in 1949.

Also from John Wallace Hutchinson: “In those early days among the pioneers, education was sometimes neglected. The colonel, though passing through seven years of renown as a discreet officer, could not write his own name, and while in business kept his accounts by characters. For instance, having sold cheese to a person, he would make a mark of that portion of cheese that that man received. His funeral was the first that I had ever witnessed, and the impression was depressingly suggestive. He died at the age of ninety-three; and engraved as an epitaph upon his tombstone, were these words composed by Brother Joshua:
“’Soldier of the Revolution, zealous in his country's cause,
Faithful to the constitution and obedient to its laws.’”

Thus I was able to obtain a wonderful portrait of Joshua Burnham, not by his own words, but in the biographies and memoirs of a completely different family- the Hutchinsons.

My Burnham Lineage:

Generation 1: Thomas Burnham, born about 1623 in England; died on 19 June 1694 in the Chebacco Parish, Ipswich, Massachusetts; married in June 1645 to Mary Lawrence, daughter of Thomas Lawrence and Joan Antrobus, died 27 March 1715 in Ipswich, Massachusetts.

Generation 2: John Burnham, born about 1648, died 12 January 1703/4 in the Chebacco Parish; married on 6 June 1668 to Elizabeth Wells, daughter of Thomas Wells and Abigail Warner, born 31 July 1646 in Ipswich, died 9 June 1731.

Generation 3: Thomas Burnham, born 30 September 1673 in Ipswich, died 16 December 1748; married on 30 September 1700 in Ipswich to Susannah Boardman, born 1681, died 1748.

Generation 4: Stephen Burnham, born about 1715 in the Chebacco Parish, died about 1790 probably in Milford, New Hampshire; married on 16 August 1735 in Ipswich to Mary Andrews, daughter of Thomas Andrews and Mary Smith, born about 1712 in Ipswich.

Generation 5: Joshua Burnham, born 26 January 1754 in Gloucester, Massachusetts, died 7 June 1835 in Milford; married on 21 January 1779 to Jemima Wyman, daughter of Increase Wyman and Catherine Unknown, born on 10 February 1757 in Billerica, Massachusetts, died on 6 September 1843 in South Boston, Massachusetts.

Generation 6: Jemima Burnham, born 9 May 1783 in Milford, died on 5 August 1868 at 88 Emerson St., South Boston; married on 22 November 1810 in Boston to Romanus Emerson, son of John Emerson and Katherine Eaton, born 1 September 1782 in Townsend, Massachusetts, died 10 October 1852 in South Boston.

From here my lineage follows the Emerson surname…
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For more information:

“Old Houses of Milford” compiled in a notebook for Wadleigh Memorial Library, Milford, New Hampshire

“The Story of the Hutchinsons” by John Wallace Hutchinson, 1896 (see pages 8 – 10 for the information on Colonel Joshua Burnham)

“The History of Milford” by George A. Ramsdell, Rumford Press, Concord, New Hampshire, 1901, page 783
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Copyright 2010, Heather Wilkinson Rojo

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Update May 18, 2010
A reader sent me the following information "I was researching my ancestor Stephen Clark of Epping New Hampshire, when I came across your story about Col. Burnham, who was in the Revolutionary War. He seems to be the only Col. so I concluded that he was the one you were calling, "Illiterate." I have proof that he wasn't. My copier doesn't scan good enough to be able to e-mail the page that I copied last summer when researching at the DAR library in Washingon, DC.

It is page 242 in the State of New Hampshire "Rolls of the Soldiers in the Revolutionary War 1775-1777." Hammond, editor. 1885
It reads:

"[Winter Hill Companies, December, 1775.]
Col. Burnhams report of the Company's recruited in New Hampshire
To the Hon. the Committee of Safety In the Colony of New Hampshire.
Return of the Companies of New Hampshire Militia in the Continental Army December 1775--"

This is followed by a table listing all the towns by name with the higher ranking officers names from each town and a count of all of the lower ranking officers and soldiers.

This doesn't look like something an illiterate person could have been able to do or been able to put his name on, if he were illiterate and couldn't verify the accuracy of the info himself."

The Hutchinson Family Singers of Milford, New Hampshire

My 5x great grandfather, Colonel Joshua Burnham, built a fine home in Milford, New Hampshire in 1824. He sold the home to fund his retirement, and it was purchased by Jesse Hutchinson to house his large family. The children and grandchildren used it as a summer home until the mid 1900’s. It still stands in Milford, and is down the street from a small cemetery where Colonel Burnham, and many members of the Hutchinson family, is buried.

It turns out that the Hutchinson family was quite famous. The first famous protest singers began their career in the mid 1800’s in the small town of Milford, New Hampshire. They sang about social issues such as abolition, temperance, woman’s suffrage and the civil war. There were thirteen Hutchinson siblings, and at one time or another all of them were part of the singing group. The biggest New Hampshire musical group that you’ve never heard of!

Originally known as the “Tribe of Jesse” when they first performed locally, they became known as the Hutchinson Family Singers. By 1841, the brother Jesse (1813-1853) became the manager of a quartet of four siblings, Judson (1817-1859), John (1821-1908), Asa (1823-1884) and Abby (1829-1892). They traveled throughout New England, and after performing in New York City in 1842 they made a tour of Great Britain in 1845/6. After the death of Judson, they split into the “Tribe of Jesse” and the “Tribe of John”, both under the name of the Hutchinson Family Singers. The two Hutchinson groups, including children and even grandchildren, performed until almost 1890. Later, the Hutchinson Family removed to Lynn, Massachusetts, where they lived near Frederick Douglass’s home. They traveled with him on his lecture tours.

Some of their songs have lasted until today such as “Tenting on the Old Camp Ground” and “There’s a Meeting Here Tonight”, followed by the New Hampshire favorite, “The Old Granite State.“ The "Old Granite State" gives a name list of the singing siblings. During their lifetimes, their most famous song was “Get off the Track” sung to the tune of “Old Dan Tucker.” They also popularized the spiritual “Let My People Go” which they learned from Harriet Tubman.

I have often wondered about the relationship between the Burnham family and the Hutchinsons. Both families were not native to Milford, New Hampshire, but they were from Essex County, Massachusetts. My Burnhams lived in the town of Essex, and there are still Burnhams living there. My uncle married a Hutchinson descendant. There are lots of possibilities to investigate here....

click here for a previous blog about Colonel Burnham's home in Milford

For more information:

“Singing for Freedom: The Hutchinson Family Singers and the Nineteenth Century Culture of Reform” by Scott Gac, by Yale University Press, 2007

http://www.nhpr.org/node/13022 “The Hutchinson Family Singers” on NPR, June 6, 2007 (commentary by Scott Gac, and also a link to hear the broadcast)

“Harps in the Wind: The Story of the Singing Hutchinsons” by Carol Brink, New York, 1947

“The Hutchinson Family: or the Descendants of Barnard Hutchinson of Cowlan, England” by Perley Derby, Essex Institute Press, Salem, Massachusetts, 1870

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The Old Granite State
by Jesse Hutchinson, Jr.

We have come from the mountains, we have come from the mountains
We have come from the mountains of the Old Granite State.
We're a band of brothers, we're a band of brothers
We're a band of brothers and we live among the hills
With a band of music, with a band of music
With a band of music we are passing 'round the world.

We have left our aged parents, we have left our aged parents
We have left our aged parents in the Old Granite State.
We obtained their blessing, we obtained their blessing
We obtained their blessing and we bless them in return.
Good old fashioned singers, good old fashioned singers
Good old fashioned singers they can make the air resound.

Yes while the air is ringing with their wild mountain singing
We the news to you are bringing from the Old Granite State.
'Tis the Tribe of Jesse, 'Tis the Tribe of Jesse
'Tis the Tribe of Jesse and their several names we sing.

David, Noah, Andrew, Zephy, Caleb, Joshua, Jess, and Benjy,
Judson, Rhoda, John and Asa, and Abby are our names.
We're the Sons of Mary of the Tribe of Jesse
And we now address ye with our native mountain song.

Liberty is our motto, liberty is our motto
Equal liberty is our motto in the Old Granite State.
We despise oppression, we despise oppression
We despise oppression and we cannot be enslaved.

Yes we're friends of emancipation and we'll sing the proclamation
'Til it echoes through our nation from the Old Granite State
That the Tribe of Jesse, that the Tribe of Jesse
That the Tribe of Jesse are the friends of equal rights.

Like our sires before us, we will swell the chorus
Till the heavens aura shall resound the loud huzzah
Hurrah, hurrah, hurrah! Hurrah, hurrah, hurrah!

Like our sires before us, we will swell the chorus
Till the heavens aura shall resound the loud huzzah!

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More blog posts about the Hutchinson Family Singers
http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2010/01/illiterate-colonel.html

http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2010/01/hutchinson-family-saga-continues.html

http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2009/08/new-hampshire-descendants-of-francis.html

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To cite/link to this blog post: Heather Wilkinson Rojo, "The Hutchinson Family Singers of Milford, New Hampshire", Nutfield Genealogy, posted January 1, 2010, ( https://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2010/01/hutchinson-family-singers-of-milford.html: accessed [access date]). 

New Hampshire Descendants of Francis Wyman

Francis Wyman House, Burlington, Massachusetts

Every fall for over 100 years, the Wyman Family Association hosts a gathering of the clan at the Francis Wyman house in Burlington, Massachusetts. The homestead still stands at 56 Francis Wyman Road, built in 1666, and is one of the three oldest houses in Massachusetts. Unlike most old, historical homes, the Wyman house is owned by the family association, not a museum or historical society. The house was originally built as a garrison, where families could flee in case of war or Indian attacks. It was used as a prison for captured British soldiers in 1775, and it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The house has suffered through fire and damage over the years, but the family association has taken on the burden of insuring, restoring and displaying the house to the public. A fire in 1996 caused major damage to the interior of the house. They are reconstructing an old Burlington barn on the property for rental purposes, to help fund the completion of the restoration.

Francis Wyman and his brother John came to America in 1636 with their uncles, Samuel and Thomas Richardson. They settled at Charlestown Village, now known as Woburn. The part of Burlington where the historic house sits was part of the larger settlement of Woburn in those times. Francis Wyman owned a tannery near the center of Woburn, on Wyman’s Lane. He lived to testify at the Salem Witch trials, and was buried in the Old Burial Ground in 1699.

The Wyman family had many descendants, and you can see the genealogy database at http://www.wyman.org/ The official website of the Francis Wyman Family association also has many photographs, documents, web links, and minutes from past Family association meetings. There are two groups of Wyman descendants that made a large impact on New Hampshire history.

Wyman Tavern, Keene, New Hampshire

First, descendant Captain Isaac Wyman built a tavern in Keene, New Hampshire in 1762, and operated it as a public house for over 40 years. The first meeting of the trustees of Dartmouth College was held In the Wyman tavern on October 22, 1770. In April 1775 twenty nine Minute Men braced themselves for a long march to answer the call to fight at Lexington with a strong drink at the Wyman Tavern. The Wyman Tavern is run by the Historical Society of Cheshire County, and guided tours are available from May to mid-November. http://www.hsccnh.org/wymantavern/default.cfm

Captain Isaac Wyman’s lineage from Francis Wyman the immigrant:

• Gen. 1. Francis Wyman, b. 2 May 1617 in Westmill, Hertfordshire England, d. 28 Nov. 1699 Woburn (now Burlington), Massachusetts, married 1. Judith Pierce 30 Jan. 1643/4 in Woburn (no children), married 2.. Abigail Reed on 2 Oct. 1650 in Woburn. She was born on 30 Dec. 1634 in Dorchester, the daughter of William Reed and Mabel Kendall. (Seven children)
• Gen. 2. William Wyman, b. 22 Feb. 1655/6 at Woburn, d. 1705, married on 25 Feb. 1681/2 at Salem to Prudence Putnam, b. 28 Feb. 1661/2 at Lynn, d. after 1745 at Medford. She was the daughter of Thomas Putnam and Ann Holyoke.
• Gen. 3. Joshua Wyman, b. 3 Jan. 1692/3 at Woburn, d. 1770, married in 1722 to Mary Pollard. She was the daughter of Thomas Pollard and Sarah Farmer, b. 20 Aug. 1693 in Billerica.
• Gen. 4. Colonel Isaac Wyman b. 18 Jan 1724/5 at Woburn, d. 31 Mar. 1792 in Keene, New Hampshire, married in 1747 at Deerfield, Massachusetts to Sarah Wells. She was the daughter of John Wells and Sarah Allen, b. 16 Mar. 1731/32 at Deerfield, Massachusetts.

Colonel Joshua Burnham m. Jemima Wyman, Milford, New Hampshire

Second, in Milford, New Hampshire, the homestead of Colonel Joshua Burnham stands on River Road. It is a privately owned house, not open for tours. Colonel Burnham’s wife was Jemima Burnham, who outlived her husband. Joshua started as a private in the American Revolution, but by the time he witnessed Washington taking command of the Army, he was at the rank of Colonel. The house was built by Joshua Burnham as a hotel, and sold to the Jesse Hutchinson family in 1822, and the sixteen children raised there became the famous “Hutchinson Family Singers”. The Hutchinson singers, also known as the “Tribe of Jesse,” were the original protest group of the 1800s. They sang all over the United States, Canada and England about abolition, temperance and the Civil War. You can read about them at the website http://www.geocities.com/unclesamsfarm/hutchinsons.htm

Jemima Wyman’s lineage from Francis Wyman the immigrant:

• Gen. 1. Francis Wyman, b. 2 May 1617 in Westmill, Hertfordshire England, d. 28 Nov. 1699 Woburn (now Burlington), Massachusetts, married 1. Judith Pierce 30 Jan. 1643/4 in Woburn (no children), married 2.. Abigail Reed on 2 Oct. 1650 in Woburn. She was born on 30 Dec. 1634 in Dorchester, the daughter of William Reed and Mabel Kendall. (Seven children)
• Gen. 2. Nathaniel Wyman, b. 25 Nov. 1665 in Woburn, d. 8 Dec. 1717 in Woburn, married Mary Winn on 28 Jun 1692 in Woburn. She was born on 1 May 1670 in Woburn, the daughter of Increase Winn and Hannah Satell. (Twelve children)
• Gen. 3. Increase Wyman, b. 1 Mar. 1706/7 in Woburn, d. 5 Sep. 1739 in Woburn, married Deborah Pierce on 11 Mar. 1729/30 in Woburn. She was b. 4 Nov. 1709 daughter of Ebenezer Pierce and Mary Wilson. (Five children)
• Gen. 4. Increase Wyman, b. 4 Jun 1732 in Burlington, married to Catherine Unknown. (Ten children)
• Gen. 5. Jemima Wyman, b. 10 Feb. 1757 in Billerica, d. 6 Sep 1843 in South Boston, married on 21 Jan 1799 to Colonel Joshua Burnham. He was b. 26 Jan 1754 in Gloucester, d. 7 Jun 1835 in Milford, New Hampshire. (Eleven children)

Jemima Wyman and Colonel Joshua Burnham are my 5x great grandparents.

The 109th Annual Meeting of the Francis Wyman Association will take place on September 26th, 2009 at the homestead in Burlington. The house will be open all day, and at noon the annual Family Gathering Photo will take place on the front steps, followed by a bring your own picnic on the front lawn. Starting at about 1 PM will be the business meeting, followed by a presentation by re-enactors portraying “Abel and Ruth Wyman”. This year the FWA Meeting will coincide with the Burlington Town Fair held on the Town Common. A trolley will be leaving the common, making ten stops at historic sites around town (one will be the Francis Wyman house!) See the FWA website mentioned above for more information.

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The URL for this post is
http://nutfieldgenealogy.blogspot.com/2009/08/new-hampshire-descendants-of-francis.html

Copyright 2009, Heather Wilkinson Rojo